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Thermodynamic Limitations On Brain Oxygen Metabolism: Physiological Implications

Victor Solander (15-08-2025)


Recent thermodynamic modelling indicates that maintaining the mind tissue ratio of O2 to CO2 (abbreviated tissue O2 /CO2 ) is important for preserving the entropy increase obtainable from oxidative metabolism of glucose, with a fall of that out there entropy resulting in a discount of the phosphorylation potential and impairment of mind power metabolism. This gives a novel perspective for understanding physiological responses under totally different circumstances by way of preserving tissue O2 /CO2 . To enable estimation of tissue O2 /CO2 within the human mind, measure SPO2 accurately an in depth mathematical model of O2 and CO2 transport was developed, and applied to reported physiological responses to totally different challenges, asking: how nicely is tissue O2 /CO2 preserved? Reported experimental outcomes for increased neural activity, hypercapnia and hypoxia due to excessive altitude are according to preserving tissue O2 /CO2 . The results spotlight two physiological mechanisms that management tissue O2 /CO2 : cerebral blood movement, which modulates tissue O2 ; and ventilation rate, which modulates tissue CO2 .



The hypoxia modelling focused on humans at excessive altitude, together with acclimatized lowlanders and measure SPO2 accurately Tibetan and Andean tailored populations, BloodVitals SPO2 device with a primary discovering that lowering CO2 by rising ventilation price is more practical for preserving tissue O2 /CO2 than growing blood haemoglobin content material to keep up O2 supply to tissue. This work centered on the operate served by specific physiological responses, and the underlying mechanisms require further investigation. The modelling supplies a new framework and perspective for understanding how blood circulation and other physiological factors support energy metabolism in the brain below a variety of conditions. KEY Points: Thermodynamic modelling indicates that preserving the O2 /CO2 ratio in brain tissue is important for preserving the entropy change out there from oxidative metabolism of glucose and the phosphorylation potential underlying vitality metabolism. A detailed model of O2 and CO2 transport was developed to permit estimation of the tissue O2 /CO2 ratio within the human brain in different physiological states. Reported experimental outcomes throughout hypoxia, hypercapnia and elevated oxygen metabolic rate in response to increased neural activity are in step with sustaining brain tissue O2 /CO2 ratio. The hypoxia modelling of excessive-altitude acclimatization and adaptation in humans demonstrates the important function of reducing CO2 with elevated ventilation for preserving tissue O2 /CO2 . Preservation of tissue O2 /CO2 gives a novel perspective for understanding the operate of observed physiological responses below different conditions in terms of preserving mind power metabolism, although the mechanisms underlying these functions will not be nicely understood.



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